The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Work Environment, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Public Service Motivation among Sub-district Employees
Abstract
This study aims to explore the extent to which participation in the organization, work environment conditions, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) affect the morale of subdistrict employees in Lima Puluh Kota Regency. The background of this study is the low morale that has an impact on the quality of public services, especially in several subdistrict areas. The population in this study included all subdistrict employees in Lima Puluh Kota District, with 95 respondents selected randomly and proportionally. Data were collected through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression and path analysis techniques. The results revealed that commitment to the organization, work environment, and OCB together have a significant effect on enthusiasm in providing public services. Among the three, OCB showed the most dominant influence on public service motivation. Based on these results, this study recommends strengthening organizational culture, providing institutional support, and encouraging positive behavior to increase the enthusiasm of the apparatus in public services.
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References
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Shi, X. (2022). Relationship Between Grass-Roots Civil Servants’ Internal Motivation and Public Service Motivation. Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 4(5). https://doi.org/10.53469/jssh.2022.4(05).16
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Yusriadi, Y. (2023). Reformasi Birokrasi Dalam Penguatan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Di Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/md937
Amin, S., Shahnaz, M., & Mukminin, A. (2024). The Impacts of the Servant Leadership on the Innovative Work Behaviors: Looking at the Role of Public Service Motivation and Employee Engagement. Journal of Chinese Human Resource Management, 15(2). https://doi.org/10.47297/wspchrmwsp2040-800502.20241502
Andrews, C. W. (2016). Integrating Public Service Motivation and Self-Determination Theory. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 29(3), 238–254. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-10-2015-0176
Baron, R. A. (2013). Conflict in organizations. In Psychology in organizations (pp. 209–228). Psychology Press.
Borst, R. T., Kruyen, P. M., & Lako, C. J. (2017). Exploring the Job Demands–Resources Model of Work Engagement in Government: Bringing in a Psychological Perspective. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 39(3), 372–397. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x17729870
Caillier, J. G. (2014). Toward a Better Understanding of the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership, Public Service Motivation, Mission Valence, and Employee Performance. Public Personnel Management, 43(2), 218–239. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026014528478
Chen, C., & Hsieh, C. (2015). Knowledge Sharing Motivation in the Public Sector: The Role of Public Service Motivation. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 81(4), 812–832. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852314558032
Clerkin, R. M., & Coggburn, J. D. (2012). The Dimensions of Public Service Motivation and Sector Work Preferences. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 32(3), 209–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x11433880
Hayashi, R., Asano, T., Morikawa, S., & Komatsuzaki, S. (2024). Public service motivation and not-in-my-backyard: The case of high-level radioactive waste disposal sites in Japan. International Public Management Journal, 1–24.
Luthans, F. (2011). Perilaku Organisasi (cetak keempat). Yogyakarta: Andi Offset.
Miao, Q., Eva, N., Newman, A., & Schwarz, G. (2018). Public Service Motivation and Performance: The Role of Organizational Identification. Public Money & Management, 39(2), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2018.1556004
Miao, Q., Newman, A., Schwarz, G., & Cooper, B. (2017). How Leadership and Public Service Motivation Enhance Innovative Behavior. Public Administration Review, 78(1), 71–81. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12839
Mutiara, S. R., & Prabawati, I. (2023). Implementasi Kebijakan Budaya Pemerintahan Satriya Pada Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kota Yogyakarta. Publika, 2561–2574. https://doi.org/10.26740/publika.v11n4.p2561-2574
Nchimbi, A., & Korojelo, S. (2021). Uplifting Motivation of Tanzanian Public Service Personnel for Improved Service Delivery: The Reflection of Public Service Motivation Theory. Jaas. https://doi.org/10.7176/jaas/75-04
Ningtias, R., & Winanda, N. R. (2024). Analisis Reformasi Birokrasi Dalam Pelayanan Publik Untuk Mewujudkan Good Governance (Studi Kasus Desa Pagerluyung Kecamatan Gedeg Kabupaten Mojokerto). Jipags (Journal of Indonesian Public Administration and Governance Studies), 8(1). https://doi.org/10.31506/jipags.v8i1.20828
Nitisemito, A. S. (2015). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Bandung: Pustaka Setia.
NURDIN, M. N. (2023). Sejarah Birokrasi Indonesia Sejak Zaman Kerajaan Sampai Zaman Kemerdekaan. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/zryg7
Permatasari, I. A. (2020). Kajian Penerapan Prinsip Good Governance Pemerintah Kabupaten Lebak. Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan Daerah, 4(1), 33–48. https://doi.org/10.37950/jkpd.v4i1.99
Podsakoff, P. M., Mackenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. (2016). Organizational citizenship behavior: Introduction and overview of the handbook. In The Oxford handbook of organizational citizenship behavior (p. 1). Oxford University Press New York, NY.
Potipiroon, W., & Ford, M. T. (2017). Does Public Service Motivation Always Lead to Organizational Commitment? Examining the Moderating Roles of Intrinsic Motivation and Ethical Leadership. Public Personnel Management, 46(3), 211–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026017717241
Rahim, A., Safitri, N. U., Nurjanah, N., Anabah, S., & Nurhikmah, W. (2023). Implementasi Hukum Administrasi Negara Dalam Mencegah Praktik Korupsi Di Indonesia. Jiip - Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(8), 5790–5794. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i8.2572
Sari, N. (2021). Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Musrebang Di Desa Pajalele Kecamatan Tellu Limpoe Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/zpke4
Scrimpshire, A., Edwards, B., Crosby, D., & Anderson, S. (2022). Investigating the Effects of High-Involvement Climate and Public Service Motivation on Engagement, Performance, and Meaningfulness in the Public Sector. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 38(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-03-2021-0158
Sedarmayanti, H. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia; Reformasi Birokrasi dan Manajemen Pegawai Negeri Sipil. Reflika Aditama.
Shi, X. (2022). Relationship Between Grass-Roots Civil Servants’ Internal Motivation and Public Service Motivation. Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 4(5). https://doi.org/10.53469/jssh.2022.4(05).16
Siagian, S. P. (2011). Filsafat administrasi. PT. Bumi Aksara.
Soegandhi, V., Sutanto, E., & Setiawan, R. (2013). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja dan loyalitas kerja terhadap organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan PT. Surya Timur Sakti Jatim. Retrieved From.
Stazyk, E. C. (2012). Crowding Out Public Service Motivation? Comparing Theoretical Expectations With Empirical Findings on the Influence of Performance-Related Pay. Review of Public Personnel Administration, 33(3), 252–274. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371x12453053
Sudirman, I., Siswanto, J., & Prihartono, B. (2014). Measurement of public service motivation: A case in central java province, Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 9(22), 17895–17902.
Tambunan, T. S. (2024). Pelatihan Praktikum Ilmu Pemerintahan Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Tentang Reformasi Birokrasi. Berbakti, 2(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.30822/berbakti.v2i1.3306
Umar, N., Samdin, S., Nasrul, N., & Sinarwaty. (2024). Seeing Employee Performance Through the Influence of Leadership Behavior and Work Environment With Mediation of Public Service Motivation in the Public Service Regional Apparatus Organization in the City of Kendari. International Journal of Religion, 5(11), 5968–5981. https://doi.org/10.61707/jaf8s438
Wahyuni, N., & Supartha, I. W. G. (2019). Pengaruh Keadilan Organisasional, Komitmen Organisasional, Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (Ocb). E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 8(10), 6079.
Wakhid, A. A., Qohar, A., & Faizal, L. (2021). Pergeseran Pola Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Publik Sebagai Implementasi Reformasi Birokrasi. Jurnal Tapis Jurnal Teropong Aspirasi Politik Islam, 17(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.24042/tps.v17i2.10327
Wanisa, Z., & Salomo, R. V. (2023). Evaluasi Satu Dekade Pembangunan Zona Integritas Di Instansi Pemerintah Pusat Indonesia. Sawala Jurnal Administrasi Negara, 11(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.30656/sawala.v11i1.6428
Widodo, I. (2017). Dana Desa Dan Demokrasi Dalam Perspektif Desentralisasi Fiskal. Politik Indonesia Indonesian Political Science Review, 2(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpi.v2i1.8487
Yusriadi, Y. (2023). Reformasi Birokrasi Dalam Penguatan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Di Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/md937
Published
2025-08-15
How to Cite
FAJRIA, Rahmah; SYAMSIR, Syamsir.
The Influence of Organizational Commitment, Work Environment, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Public Service Motivation among Sub-district Employees.
JESS (Journal of Education on Social Science), [S.l.], v. 9, n. 3, p. 181 - 194, aug. 2025.
ISSN 2550-0147.
Available at: <http://jess.ppj.unp.ac.id/index.php/JESS/article/view/614>. Date accessed: 28 aug. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24036/jess.v9i3.614.
Section
Artikel
